The U.S. House of Representatives this week passed a measure to invoke permanent daylight saving time. I figure the odds of it passing the Senate to be reasonably good, given that a similar measure passed that chamber a few years ago, before being stalled in the House, but it still begs the question of whether that's a good idea.
I'll be the first to admit that I am all for getting rid of the twice yearly clock changes, especially the one in the spring, where we lose an hour to 'spring forward'. It typically takes me about a week to readjust, during which time I feel 'jet-lagged' and out of sorts. Statistics show I am not alone in this, as it is well documented that traffic and workplace accidents spike up the first week of DST, along with incidents of heart attacks and strokes. Tempers commonly become shorter and judges tend to impose harsher sentences then as well. Falling back to so-called standard time for about four months, beginning in early November is less arduous; in fact, it feels to me like a return to normality.
That said, eliminating semi-annual time resets by moving permanently to daylight saving time is not necessarily the best approach. What today's lawmakers seem to fail to take into account is that permanent daylight saving time was tried a little over 50 years ago and it was a failure.
Enacted in January 1974 as an energy-saving measure in response to the OPEC oil embargo and ensuing energy crisis of the time, year-round daylight saving time did not even last a full year before widespread public support for the measure quickly eroded in the face of reality.
People quickly realized this shift meant increased safety risks during morning commutes, especially for school-age children, waiting for their buses in the dark. And the promised energy savings turned out to be infinitesimal at best. Lawmakers back then learned from their mistake, but it seems their later counterparts have repeatedly failed to learn from that history.
After perpetual DST failed in 1974, lawmakers have incrementally expanded DST in 1986 and again in 2007. Today, we spend almost eight months of each year in DST and just four of standard time, roughly a two-to-one ratio. Ironically, the 2007 expansion was folded into an energy bill, thus mirroring the 1974 attempt at year-round DST, although lawmakers were a little more forthcoming that the true intent was to stimulate the economy by enabling people to be outside their homes--and thus spending money--later in the day. Unfortunately, it did nothing to prevent the following year's 'great recession'.
The bottom line is that additional hour of daylight later in the day has to come from somewhere, and that somewhere is at the beginning of the day. Many people apparently fail to realize that DST does not increase the net amount of daylight, it just reallocates an hour. Proponents say it would allow more time to be outdoors after work, but dusk at 6:00 p.m. versus 5:00 p.m. in the dead of winter would make little difference for most workers, who would, at best, arrive home in twilight. Maybe there would be enough time to walk the dog without a flashlight in hand, but not enough to grill burgers. Like it or not, the amount of daylight at any given time of the year is purely a natural phenomenon, completely outside of human control.
It should come as no surprise that the greatest support for permanent DST comes from southern tier states, especially those like Florida, that have economies based largely on tourism, while the least support comes from the northern tier states like Michigan, where geography provides for even less daylight in winter than is experienced in southern states. Under perpetual DST, the northern tier would not see daylight until well after 9:00 a.m. in the dead of winter.
Fortunately for those states, the bill presently being considered does include an opt-out clause, allowing states to choose to remain on perpetual standard time, provided they choose to do so before perpetual DST takes affect. This is somewhat mirrors legislation enacted in the European Union a few years ago, which required member nations to opt for either perpetual 'summer time' or 'winter time' (their terms for daylight saving and standard time) before the next scheduled clock change.
Although I have long jokingly advocated for split-the-difference time, permanently moving clocks 30 minutes to give all sides at least some of what they want, the more logical solution is permanent standard time. Days will get longer when they're supposed to be longer and will grow short when they're supposed to be short, just as nature intended it, but without the inherent safety concerns. No amount of clock tinkering will give us more daylight than we already have.